{"id":2356,"date":"2021-04-16T10:50:37","date_gmt":"2021-04-16T08:50:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.potreby.info\/dum-a-bydleni\/blog\/?p=2356"},"modified":"2021-05-03T10:03:12","modified_gmt":"2021-05-03T08:03:12","slug":"pojdme-si-trosku-zasportovat-aneb-oblibene-micove-hry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.potreby.info\/dum-a-bydleni\/blog\/pojdme-si-trosku-zasportovat-aneb-oblibene-micove-hry\/","title":{"rendered":"Poj\u010fme si tro\u0161ku zasportovat aneb obl\u00edben\u00e9 m\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 hry"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Mnoh\u00e9 m\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 sporty<\/strong> jsou obl\u00edben\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jak tr\u00e1v\u00edme n\u00e1\u0161 voln\u00fd \u010das. Maj\u00ed spoustu fanou\u0161k\u016f nejen mezi televizn\u00edmi div\u00e1ky, kte\u0159\u00ed si \u010dasto nenechaj\u00ed uj\u00edt jedin\u00fd z\u00e1pas sv\u00e9ho obl\u00edben\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu, ale \u0159ada z n\u00e1s si je r\u00e1do u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 i na vlastn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei. Spojuj\u00ed toti\u017e v sob\u011b p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 s u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdm, a tak jejich prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm tr\u00e1v\u00edme \u010das s na\u0161imi p\u0159\u00e1teli, \u010di rodinou a sou\u010dasn\u011b d\u011bl\u00e1me n\u011bco i pro na\u0161e t\u011blo. Nemus\u00edme v\u0161ak b\u00fdt \u010dlenem n\u011bjak\u00e9ho klubu a pravideln\u011b se \u00fa\u010dastnit z\u00e1pas\u016f, abychom si tyto sporty zahr\u00e1li.

Pro\u010d tedy t\u0159eba na\u0161e setk\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159\u00e1teli nebo rodinou nezpest\u0159it, uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm z\u00e1pasu fotbale<\/a><\/strong>, basketbalu<\/a><\/strong>, florbalu<\/a><\/strong>, volejbalu<\/a><\/strong> nebo t\u0159eba, pro na\u0161e kon\u010diny st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b vcelku netradi\u010dn\u00edho, baseballu<\/a><\/strong>?<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

\"volejbalov\u00fd<\/a>
M\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 hry<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Nen\u00ed prakticky nic jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edho! Vybaven\u00ed k t\u011bmto hr\u00e1m nen\u00ed nijak n\u00e1kladn\u00e9, a i kdy\u017e podle pravidel maj\u00ed h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b, ur\u010den\u00e9 k jednotliv\u00fdm hr\u00e1m, p\u0159esn\u00e9 parametry, nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd probl\u00e9m je mali\u010dko p\u0159izp\u016fsobit rozm\u011br\u016fm na\u0161ich zahrad nebo dvor\u016f. Ani po\u010det hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f v jednom t\u00fdmu nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt zcela striktn\u00ed. Lehce po\u010dty uprav\u00edme, podle toho kolik hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f bude zrovna m\u00edt chu\u0165 si zahr\u00e1t.

Proto\u017ee je v\u0161ak dobr\u00e9 v\u017edy zn\u00e1t alespo\u0148 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidla her, kter\u00e9 chceme hr\u00e1t, rozhodli jsme se v\u00e1m v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku p\u0159edstavit zmi\u0148ovan\u00fdch p\u011bt t\u00fdmov\u00fdch m\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch sport\u016f, kter\u00e9 se u n\u00e1s \u0159ad\u00ed k t\u011bm v\u016fbec nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edm. V jednotliv\u00fdch kapitol\u00e1ch se dozv\u00edte n\u011bco m\u00e1lo o jejich historii, p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00edme v\u00e1m jejich z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidla a doporu\u010d\u00edme nejnutn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vybaven\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"baseballov\u00e9<\/a>
Baseball<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

BASEBALL<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159i slov\u011b baseball<\/a><\/strong> n\u00e1m pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nejd\u0159\u00edve p\u0159ijde na mysl Amerika, kde se tento sport t\u011b\u0161\u00ed asi nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed obl\u00edbenosti. Ve skute\u010dnosti m\u00e1 v\u0161ak sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznivce prakticky po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. A \u010cesk\u00e1 republika nen\u00ed v\u00fdjimkou. I u n\u00e1s m\u00e1me profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed i neprofesion\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u00fdmy, kter\u00e9 hraj\u00ed svoje ligy. Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed baseballov\u00e9<\/a><\/strong> h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b m\u00e1 sice sv\u00e1 dan\u00e1 specifika, ale nic n\u00e1m nebr\u00e1n\u00ed si svoje vlastn\u00ed h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b vyty\u010dit, i kdy\u017e t\u0159eba v men\u0161\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku, kdekoliv. Posta\u010d\u00ed n\u00e1m k tomu rovn\u00fd voln\u00fd prostor, kter\u00fdm m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt na\u0161e zahrada, fotbalov\u00e9 h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b nebo t\u0159eba tr\u00e1vn\u00edk v parku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Historie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Po\u010d\u00e1tky baseballu<\/a><\/strong> m\u016f\u017eeme dohledat a\u017e do 14. stolet\u00ed, kdy se na anglick\u00e9m venkov\u011b hr\u00e1la hra, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 se hr\u00e1\u010di strefovali pomoc\u00ed h\u016flky do m\u00ed\u010dku. Pokud se jim ho povedlo odp\u00e1lit, mohli b\u011b\u017eet kolem \u010dty\u0159 stoli\u010dek. V 18. stolet\u00ed zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9 stoli\u010dky nahradily d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9 kol\u00edky zabodnut\u00e9 do zem\u011b. Slovn\u00ed spojen\u00ed Base-ball, v p\u0159ekladu meta \u2013 m\u00ed\u010dek, se pak objevilo v Americe. Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed pravidla baseballu<\/a><\/strong> byla ustanovena v polovin\u011b 19. stolet\u00ed. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozmach za\u017eil baseball<\/a><\/strong> v severn\u00ed i ji\u017en\u00ed Americe, velmi obl\u00edben\u00fd je ale tak\u00e9 v Asii a to zejm\u00e9na v Japonsku, Tchaj-wanu a Koreji. Svoji celosv\u011btovou oblibu nezap\u0159e ani v Evrop\u011b, kde maj\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dkov\u00e9 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed t\u00fdmy nap\u0159\u00edklad v N\u011bmecku nebo v It\u00e1lii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vybaven\u00ed a pravidla<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pro rekrea\u010dn\u00ed hru baseballu<\/a><\/strong> pot\u0159ebujeme pouze baseballovou p\u00e1lku<\/strong> a baseballov\u00fd m\u00ed\u010dek<\/a><\/strong>, pravidly je sice d\u00e1n i p\u0159esn\u00fd rozm\u011br a vzhled h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b, ale to si m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159izp\u016fsobit individu\u00e1ln\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m nap\u0159\u00edklad na\u0161\u00ed zahrady, h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b nebo jin\u00e9 vhodn\u00e9 plochy.

Baseball<\/a><\/strong> se hraje ve dvou t\u00fdmech po dev\u00edti hr\u00e1\u010d\u00edch na specifick\u00e9m h\u0159i\u0161ti, kter\u00e9 se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze dvou \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed. Men\u0161\u00ed, \u010dtvercov\u00e9, sest\u00e1v\u00e1 ze \u010dty\u0159 met, kter\u00fdmi po spr\u00e1vn\u00e9m odp\u00e1len\u00ed m\u00ed\u010dku<\/a><\/strong>, hr\u00e1\u010di prob\u00edhaj\u00ed. Pokud hr\u00e1\u010d prob\u011bhne v\u0161emi \u010dty\u0159mi metami, z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 pro sv\u016fj t\u00fdm bod. Mezi t\u00edm se druh\u00fd t\u00fdm, jeho\u017e sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed je i nadhazova\u010d m\u00ed\u010dku a chyta\u010d, p\u016fsob\u00ed ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b, kter\u00e1 je tvo\u0159en\u00e1 kruhovou v\u00fdse\u010d\u00ed, a sna\u017e\u00ed se \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9mu prob\u011bhnut\u00e9 met soupe\u0159em zabr\u00e1nit \u2013 vyautovat ho. Toho lze doc\u00edlit chycen\u00edm odp\u00e1len\u00e9ho m\u00ed\u010dku<\/a><\/strong> je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed jeho dopadem na zem, dotknut\u00edm se ob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edho hr\u00e1\u010de chycen\u00fdm m\u00ed\u010dkem<\/a><\/strong>, nebo uzav\u0159en\u00edm mety, na kterou hr\u00e1\u010d b\u011b\u017e\u00ed, a to v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee meta, ze kter\u00e9 vyb\u011bhl, je u\u017e obsazena dal\u0161\u00edm hr\u00e1\u010dem a nem\u016f\u017ee se na ni tedy vr\u00e1tit.

Ve chv\u00edli kdy se t\u00fdmu v poli poda\u0159\u00ed vyautovat t\u0159i protihr\u00e1\u010de, t\u00fdmy se st\u0159\u00eddaj\u00ed. Ti co odpalovali, jdou chytat do pole a t\u00fdm kter\u00fd v poli dosud chytal, jde na odpalov\u00e1n\u00ed. Jednomu takov\u00e9mu st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 sm\u011bna a cel\u00e1 z\u00e1pas baseballu<\/a><\/strong> m\u00e1 takov\u00fdch sm\u011bn celkem dev\u011bt. V\u00edt\u011bzem je pot\u00e9 t\u00fdm, kter\u00fd v pr\u016fb\u011bhu z\u00e1pasu z\u00edskal nejv\u00edce bod\u016f.
Pokud chcete z\u00edskat dal\u0161\u00ed informace o baseballu<\/a><\/strong>, m\u016f\u017eete si p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst \u010dl\u00e1nek na Wikipedii s n\u00e1zvem Baseball<\/a><\/strong>. Podrobn\u00e1 pravidla pak jsou k nahl\u00e9dnut\u00ed na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch \u010cesk\u00e9 baseballov\u00e9 asociace<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"fotbalov\u00fd<\/a>
Fotbal<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

FOTBAL<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Fotbal<\/a><\/strong> pat\u0159\u00ed k nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edm t\u00fdmov\u00fdm sport\u016fm u n\u00e1s v\u016fbec. Velk\u00e9 oblib\u011b se t\u011b\u0161\u00ed i ve sv\u011bt\u011b. Do fotbalov\u00e9ho m\u00ed\u010de<\/a><\/strong> kopou n\u011bkter\u00e9 mal\u00e9 d\u011bti snad od chv\u00edle, co se postavily na vlastn\u00ed no\u017eky a tr\u00e9nuj\u00ed si tak svoje svaly, ale i koordinaci cel\u00e9ho t\u011bla. Snad \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 tat\u00ednek nezapomene sv\u00e9mu synkovi n\u011bjak\u00fd ten fotbalov\u00fd m\u00ed\u010d<\/a> <\/strong>po\u0159\u00eddit. \u010casto v\u0161ak nep\u0159ijdou zkr\u00e1tka ani dcerky. Mal\u00ed fotbalist\u00e9 a fotbalistky pak dnes maj\u00ed mo\u017enost hr\u00e1t ve fotbalov\u00fdch t\u00fdmech snad u\u017e od mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161kolky. P\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 z\u00e1pasy po\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed t\u00fdmy kamar\u00e1du a v\u00fdjimkou nejsou ani rodinn\u00e9 turnaje. Dokonce lze \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee n\u011bjak\u00fd fotbalov\u00fd<\/a><\/strong> t\u00fdm m\u00e1 snad ka\u017ed\u00e9 m\u011bsto i vesnice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Historie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Hry, ve kter\u00fdch se podobn\u011b jako p\u0159i dne\u0161n\u00edm fotbale<\/a><\/strong>, hr\u00e1ly pomoc\u00ed kop\u00e1n\u00ed nohou do m\u00ed\u010de, m\u016f\u017eeme historicky dolo\u017eit u\u017e do obdob\u00ed starov\u011bku. V Egypt\u011b i starov\u011bk\u00e9m \u0158ecku a \u0158\u00edm\u011b se tyto hry t\u011b\u0161ily velk\u00e9 oblib\u011b.

I ve st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 Evrop\u011b m\u016f\u017eou historici dolo\u017eit \u0159adu her, kter\u00e9 mohly b\u00fdt p\u0159edstupn\u011bm v\u00fdvoje dne\u0161n\u00edho fotbalu<\/a><\/strong>. Nejpravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ko\u0159eny fotbalu<\/a><\/strong> jde vystopovat do Anglie, kde v pr\u016fb\u011bhu 16. stolet\u00ed byla do \u0161kol zav\u00e1d\u011bna jak\u00e1si povinn\u00e1 \u201et\u011blesn\u00e1 v\u00fdchova\u201c, a postupn\u011b se tak soub\u011b\u017en\u011b vyvinuly dv\u011b formy fotbalu. V jedn\u00e9 verzi se m\u00ed\u010d po h\u0159i\u0161ti p\u0159emis\u0165oval pouze pomoc\u00ed rukou, \u0161lo tedy o p\u0159edch\u016fdce dne\u0161n\u00edho ragby. Ve verzi druh\u00e9 se m\u00ed\u010d po h\u0159i\u0161ti posunoval kop\u00e1n\u00edm. Pravidla byla v\u0161ak specifick\u00e1 pro ka\u017edou \u0161koly.

S rozvojem mobility obyvatelstva, tedy s budov\u00e1n\u00edm \u017eeleznic ve 40. letech 19. stolet\u00ed, za\u010daly \u0161koly mezi sebou po\u0159\u00e1dat sout\u011b\u017ee, kter\u00e9 byly zejm\u00e9na atletick\u00e9, proto\u017ee pravidla pro tyto sporty byla vcelku jednotn\u00e1. Aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 po\u0159\u00e1dat i turnaje ve fotbale<\/a><\/strong>, bylo nutn\u00e9 doc\u00edlit jednotnosti pravidel. Z\u00e1stupci n\u011bkolika \u0161kol se proto se\u0161li a soubor pravidel sepsali v roce 1848. V t\u011bchto pravidlech bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 m\u00ed\u010d dr\u017eet v rukou nebo t\u0159eba i podr\u00e1\u017eet nohy protihr\u00e1\u010de.
Po \u010dase bylo dr\u017een\u00ed m\u00ed\u010de i podr\u00e1\u017een\u00ed nohou zak\u00e1z\u00e1ny, a d\u00edky nelibosti n\u011bkter\u00fdch \u0161kol tyto pravidla p\u0159ijmout, vzniklo jejich odtr\u017een\u00edm odv\u011btv\u00ed fotbalu, naz\u00fdvan\u00e9m ragby.

Fotbal<\/a><\/strong> se v Anglii a Skotsku rychle roz\u0161i\u0159oval. Na konci 19. stolet\u00ed p\u0159ekro\u010dil hranice t\u011bchto st\u00e1t\u016f a za\u010dal se \u0161\u00ed\u0159it po cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b i do Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. D\u00edky sv\u00fdm jednoduch\u00fdm pravidl\u016fm a nevelk\u00fdm n\u00e1rok\u016fm na vybaven\u00ed, pat\u0159\u00ed fotbal<\/a> <\/strong>k nejpopul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a nej\u010dast\u011bji hran\u00fdm sport\u016fm na sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vybaven\u00ed a pravidla<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jak u\u017e jsme se zm\u00ednili v\u00fd\u0161e, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdhodou, a z\u0159ejm\u011b i t\u00edm co stoj\u00ed za jeho celosv\u011btovou popularitou, je finan\u010dn\u011b velmi m\u00e1lo n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed. K rekrea\u010dn\u00ed h\u0159e n\u00e1m posta\u010d\u00ed pouze fotbalov\u00fd m\u00ed\u010d<\/a><\/strong>. Neprofesion\u00e1ln\u00ed a profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di pak do sv\u00e9 v\u00fdstroje k dresu p\u0159idaj\u00ed i fotbalov\u00e9 chr\u00e1ni\u010de<\/a><\/strong> a brank\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 rukavice<\/a><\/strong>.

Tradi\u010dn\u011b se hry \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed dva t\u00fdmy po 11 hr\u00e1\u010d\u00edch a na pr\u016fb\u011bh cel\u00e9 hry dohl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed rozhod\u010d\u00ed. Hr\u00e1\u010di se sna\u017e\u00ed dopravit fotbalov\u00fd m\u00ed\u010d<\/a><\/strong> pouze pomoc\u00ed nohou do branky<\/a><\/strong> soupe\u0159e, kter\u00e1 je br\u00e1n\u011bna brank\u00e1\u0159em. M\u00ed\u010de<\/a><\/strong> se nemohou dotknout rukou, ale mohou jej kopnut\u00edm p\u0159ihr\u00e1t spoluhr\u00e1\u010di. T\u00fdm, kter\u00fd zrovna nem\u00e1 fotbalov\u00fd m\u00ed\u010d<\/a><\/strong> pod kontrolou, se jej sna\u017e\u00ed z\u00edskat nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159eka\u017een\u00edm p\u0159ihr\u00e1vky. Hraje se celkem 90 minut s 15 minutovou p\u0159est\u00e1vkou v polovin\u011b z\u00e1pasu. V\u00edt\u011bz\u00ed ten t\u00fdm, kter\u00fd po skon\u010den\u00ed druh\u00e9ho polo\u010dasu vst\u0159elil nejv\u00edce branek.
Podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pravidla fotbalu<\/a><\/strong> si m\u016f\u017eete pro\u010d\u00edst na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch Wikipedie v \u010dl\u00e1nku s n\u00e1zvem Fotbal<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Florbalov\u00e1<\/a>
Florbal<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

FLORBAL<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Florbal<\/a><\/strong> je obl\u00edben\u00fd zejm\u00e9na u chlapc\u016f a d\u00edvek chod\u00edc\u00edch na z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161kolu. \u010casto je dokonce florbal<\/a> <\/strong>sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u011blesn\u00e9 v\u00fdchovy. \u0158ada \u0161kol m\u00e1 dokonce sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed florbalov\u00fd t\u00fdm, kter\u00fd se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed \u0161koln\u00edch turnaj\u016f. Svoje m\u00edsto na v\u00fdslun\u00ed florbal<\/strong> <\/a>z\u00edskal zejm\u00e9na, kv\u016fli popularit\u011b hokeje, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 u n\u00e1s velmi \u0161irokou z\u00e1kladnu fanou\u0161k\u016f. Florbal<\/a><\/strong> je toti\u017e verz\u00ed hokeje bez ledu a tedy bez brusl\u00ed. S florbalovou hol\u00ed<\/a><\/strong> tak b\u011bhem dne potk\u00e1me i n\u011bkolik d\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se mu v\u011bnuj\u00ed t\u0159eba i v r\u00e1mci odpoledn\u00edho z\u00e1jmov\u00e9ho krou\u017eku, nebo di touto hrou zkracuj\u00ed, t\u0159eba v parku, \u010dek\u00e1n\u00ed na autobus, kter\u00fd je ze \u0161koly odveze dom\u016f. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice v\u0161ak funguje i amat\u00e9rsk\u00e1 i profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed liga florbalu<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Historie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Po\u010d\u00e1tky florbalu<\/a><\/strong> lze dohledat do druh\u00e9 poloviny 20. stolet\u00ed, tak\u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o nejmlad\u0161\u00ed sport z n\u00e1mi p\u0159edstavovan\u00e9 p\u011btice, kdy byl vlastn\u011b verz\u00ed ledn\u00edho hokeje pro letn\u00ed tr\u00e9ninky. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b se o ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed vznik florbalu<\/a><\/strong> zaslou\u017eili hokejist\u00e9 ve \u0160v\u00e9dsku, kte\u0159\u00ed v 70. letech zalo\u017eili prvn\u00ed florbalov\u00e9 kluby. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu let 80. se florbal<\/a> <\/strong>za\u010dal roz\u0161i\u0159ovat d\u00e1l do sv\u011bta a na\u0161el dal\u0161\u00ed svoje p\u0159\u00edznivce nap\u0159\u00edklad v Japonsku nebo Finsku.
Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed florbalov\u00e1<\/a><\/strong> federace byla zalo\u017eena v roce 1986, s n\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161lo i sjednocen\u00ed pravidel a po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch z\u00e1pas\u016f. K n\u00e1m se florbal<\/a><\/strong> dostal prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm v\u00fdm\u011bnn\u00fdch pobyt\u016f vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00fdch student\u016f z \u010ceska a Finska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vybaven\u00ed a pravidla<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ke h\u0159e florbalu<\/a><\/strong> ka\u017ed\u00fd hr\u00e1\u010d, mimo brank\u00e1\u0159e, pot\u0159ebuje florbalovou holi<\/a><\/strong>, kter\u00e1 se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z n\u00e1sady a plastov\u00e9 \u010depele<\/a><\/strong>. D\u00e1le je nutn\u00fd speci\u00e1ln\u00ed florbalov\u00fd m\u00ed\u010dek<\/strong>, kter\u00fd je tak\u00e9 vyroben\u00fd z plastu, je dut\u00fd a jeho povrch je perforovan\u00fd otvory.
Florbalov\u00fd<\/a> <\/strong>z\u00e1pas proti sob\u011b hraj\u00ed dva t\u00fdmy po 6 hr\u00e1\u010d\u00edch, z nich\u017e je jeden brank\u00e1\u0159. C\u00edlem hry je dostat m\u00ed\u010dek<\/strong> do branky soupe\u0159\u016f a zabr\u00e1nit jim, aby nad n\u00edm z\u00edskali kontrolu a mohli tak vst\u0159elit g\u00f3l do branky<\/a><\/strong>.
Tradi\u010dn\u011b se z\u00e1pas d\u011bl\u00ed do t\u0159\u00ed t\u0159etin po 20 minut\u00e1ch, kdy po ka\u017ed\u00e9 t\u0159etin\u011b n\u00e1sleduje 10 minutov\u00e1 p\u0159est\u00e1vka, ve kter\u00e9 si t\u00fdmy st\u0159\u00eddaj\u00ed strany. Pokud na konci t\u0159et\u00ed t\u0159etiny je sk\u00f3re nerozhodn\u00e9, z\u00e1pas se prodlu\u017euje, a\u017e do chv\u00edle kdy jeden z t\u00fdm\u016f nevst\u0159el\u00ed branku soupe\u0159i. V\u00edt\u011bzem florbalov\u00e9ho<\/a><\/strong> z\u00e1pasu je tedy t\u00fdm, kter\u00fd v \u010dasov\u00e9m limitu d\u00e1 soupe\u0159i v\u00edce g\u00f3l\u016f.
Kompletn\u00ed pravidla je mo\u017en\u00e9 si st\u00e1hnout na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch svazu \u010cesk\u00fd florbal<\/a><\/strong>, kter\u00fd sdru\u017euje \u010desk\u00e9 florbalisty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"basketbalov\u00fd<\/a>
Basketbal<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

BASKETBAL<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

I basketbal<\/a><\/strong> m\u00e1 u n\u00e1s mnoho p\u0159\u00edznivc\u016f. Obl\u00edben\u00fd je jak u vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch ro\u010dn\u00edk\u016f z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0161kol, tak na \u0161kol\u00e1ch st\u0159edn\u00edch, kde se \u010dasto hraje, stejn\u011b jako florbal<\/a><\/strong>, v r\u00e1mci t\u011blesn\u00e9 v\u00fdchovy. Driblovat se ale u\u010d\u00ed u\u017e d\u011bti od za\u010d\u00e1tku \u0161koln\u00ed doch\u00e1zky. A i na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch vznikaj\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed t\u00fdmy, kter\u00e9 hraj\u00ed z\u00e1pasy proti t\u00fdm\u016fm jin\u00fdch \u0161kol. Jde o hru rychlou a fyzicky n\u00e1ro\u010dnou, ale na druhou stranu se pro ni lze velmi snadno nadchnout. M\u016f\u017ee za to pr\u00e1v\u011b zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e1 rychlost hry, kdy mus\u00edme b\u00fdt nejen rychl\u00ed co do pohybu na h\u0159i\u0161ti, ale tak\u00e9 ve sv\u00fdch reakc\u00edch. Velkou roly hraje tak\u00e9 p\u0159esnost, p\u0159i hodu basketbalov\u00e9ho<\/strong> m\u00ed\u010de<\/strong><\/a> na ko\u0161.

Jde sice o sport, kter\u00fd se hraje v kryt\u00fdch hal\u00e1ch, ale pokud si jej chceme ve zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9 form\u011b zahr\u00e1t i v dom\u00e1c\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, posta\u010d\u00ed n\u00e1m k tomu n\u011bjak\u00fd rovn\u00fd povrch, ide\u00e1ln\u011b t\u0159eba vybetonovan\u00fd dv\u016fr, basketbalov\u00fd m\u00ed\u010d<\/a><\/strong> a basketbalov\u00fd ko\u0161<\/a><\/strong>.

Na profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni je sice \u010dasto jako jeden z hlavn\u00edch po\u017eadavk\u016f na vhodn\u00e9ho hr\u00e1\u010de jeho v\u00fd\u0161ka, ve volno\u010dasov\u00fdch z\u00e1pasech to ve skute\u010dnosti nehraje roli. Basketbal<\/a><\/strong> <\/em>m\u016f\u017ee hr\u00e1t v podstat\u011b kdokoliv, komu jsou sympatick\u00e9 t\u00fdmov\u00e9 m\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 hry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Historie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Vznik basketbalu<\/a><\/strong> je zcela jasn\u00fd, vymyslel jej toti\u017e v roce 1891 u\u010ditel t\u011blocviku na jedn\u00e9 americk\u00e9 st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kole. Vzniku basketbalu p\u0159edch\u00e1zela \u017e\u00e1dost \u0159editele zmi\u0148ovan\u00e9 \u0161koly, kter\u00fd po u\u010diteli, jm\u00e9nem James Naismith, cht\u011bl vymyslet novou t\u00fdmovou hru, kterou by studenti mohli hr\u00e1t b\u011bhem zimn\u00edch dn\u016f v t\u011blocvi\u010dn\u011b. Vymyslel tak prvn\u00ed verzi basketbalu<\/a><\/strong>, kdy se dva t\u00fdmy sna\u017eili vhodit m\u00ed\u010d to ko\u0161e<\/a><\/strong> opa\u010dn\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu a z\u00edskat tak bod. Prvn\u00ed basketbalov\u00e9 ko\u0161e<\/a><\/strong> byly ko\u0161i skute\u010dn\u00fdmi, pou\u017e\u00edvaly se na p\u0159epravu ovoce, m\u011bly tedy dno, a proto bylo nutn\u00e9 ke ko\u0161\u016fm p\u0159ipevn\u011bn\u00fdm na st\u011bn\u00e1ch t\u011blocvi\u010dny, postavit studenty na \u017eeb\u0159\u00edc\u00edch, kte\u0159\u00ed vhozen\u00e9 m\u00ed\u010de vytahovali.

Hra, kter\u00e1 na po\u010d\u00e1tku nebyla p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rychl\u00e1, sp\u00ed\u0161e statick\u00e1, se student\u016fm velmi zal\u00edbila a b\u011bhem kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 doby se roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila i do dal\u0161\u00edch \u0161kol po cel\u00e9 Americe. Za t\u0159i roky po sv\u00e9m vzniku se basketbal<\/a> <\/strong>hr\u00e1l i mimo Ameriku. Pravidla se postupn\u011b vyv\u00edjela a p\u016fvodn\u011b pomal\u00e1 hra se tak zm\u011bnila v rychl\u00fd, dynamick\u00fd, strategick\u00fd a fyzicky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd sport hran\u00fd profesion\u00e1ly i rekrea\u010dn\u00edmi hr\u00e1\u010di prakticky po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vybaven\u00ed a pravidla<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Basketbal<\/a><\/strong> je dal\u0161\u00edm z t\u00fdmov\u00fdch m\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch sport\u016f, kter\u00e9 nejsou nijak n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 na vybaven\u00ed. K rekrea\u010dn\u00ed h\u0159e, kdy se hraje v men\u0161\u00edch po\u010dtech, t\u0159eba jen jeden na jednoho, nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9 ani speci\u00e1ln\u00ed h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b se dv\u011bma ko\u0161i<\/a><\/strong>. V podstat\u011b posta\u010d\u00ed basketbalov\u00fd m\u00ed\u010d<\/a><\/strong> a jeden basketbalov\u00fd ko<\/a>\u0161<\/strong> um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fd na stojanu nebo zdi. P\u0159i z\u00e1pasech profesion\u00e1ln\u00edch i neprofesion\u00e1ln\u00edch t\u00fdm\u016f se u\u017e z\u00e1pasy konaj\u00ed na specifick\u00fdch h\u0159i\u0161t\u00edch dan\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f a vzhledu.

Basketbal<\/a> <\/strong>proti sob\u011b hraj\u00ed dva t\u00fdmy, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed po p\u011bti hr\u00e1\u010d\u00edch. C\u00edlem hry je vhodit m\u00ed\u010d<\/a><\/strong> do ko\u0161e druh\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu a zabr\u00e1nit soupe\u0159i v p\u0159evzet\u00ed kontroly nad n\u00edm a jeho vhozen\u00ed do ko\u0161e<\/a><\/strong>. Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pravidlem basketbalu<\/a><\/strong> je, \u017ee hr\u00e1\u010di se mohou m\u00ed\u010de<\/a><\/strong> dot\u00fdkat pouze rukama a p\u0159i p\u0159emis\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed po h\u0159i\u0161ti s n\u00edm mohou pouze driblovat nebo jej p\u0159ihr\u00e1vat spoluhr\u00e1\u010d\u016fm. Basketbalov\u00fd m\u00ed\u010d<\/a><\/strong> p\u0159i pohybu nesm\u00ed pouze dr\u017eet v rukou.

Basketbalov\u00fd<\/a> <\/strong>z\u00e1pas se d\u011bl\u00ed na \u010dty\u0159i desetiminutov\u00e1 obdob\u00ed, kdy mezi prvn\u00edm a druh\u00fdm, a t\u0159et\u00edm a \u010dtvrt\u00fdm \u00fasekem hry jsou 2 minutov\u00e9 p\u0159est\u00e1vky. V polovin\u011b z\u00e1pasu je p\u0159est\u00e1vka del\u0161\u00ed a trv\u00e1 15 minut. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vyrovnan\u00e9ho sk\u00f3re po uplynul\u00e9m \u010dasu se z\u00e1pas prodlu\u017euje o dal\u0161\u00edch 5 minut.

Vhozen\u00e9 ko\u0161e jsou ohodnoceny p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdm po\u010dtem bod\u016f, jejich\u017e po\u010det stoup\u00e1 s v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed vzd\u00e1lenost\u00ed, ze kter\u00e9 byl ko\u0161 vst\u0159elen.
Podrobn\u00e1 pravidla basketbalu<\/a><\/strong> je mo\u017en\u00e9 si p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch \u010cesk\u00e9 basketbalov\u00e9 federace<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"volejbal\"<\/a>
Volejbal<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

VOLEJBAL<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Volejbal<\/a><\/strong> je dal\u0161\u00edm t\u00fdmov\u00fdm m\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm sportem, ke kter\u00e9mu se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me nej\u010dast\u011bji na st\u0159edn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch, pr\u00e1v\u011b v r\u00e1mci t\u011blocviku. Tento t\u00fdmov\u00fd sport m\u00e1 v\u0161ak \u0159adu p\u0159\u00edznivc\u016f nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d generacemi. Obl\u00edben\u00fd je i jako \u201edovolenkov\u00fd\u201c letn\u00ed sport, kter\u00fd je mo\u017en\u00e9 hr\u00e1t prakticky kdekoliv, kde m\u016f\u017eeme nat\u00e1hnout s\u00ed\u0165<\/a><\/strong>. Technicky je volejbal<\/a><\/strong> n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ale po n\u011bjak\u00e9m \u010dase se pod\u00e1n\u00ed volejbalov\u00e9ho m\u00ed\u010de<\/a><\/strong>, i jeho odra\u017een\u00ed, lze nau\u010dit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Historie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

I volejbal<\/a> <\/strong>byl vytvo\u0159en americk\u00fdm u\u010ditelem t\u011blesn\u00e9 v\u00fdchova se stejn\u00fdm z\u00e1m\u011brem s jak\u00fdm byl vymy\u0161len basketbal<\/a><\/strong>. Konec 19. stolet\u00ed se toti\u017e vyzna\u010doval rozvojem t\u011blesn\u00e9 v\u00fdchovy v Americe i v Evrop\u011b. Volejbal<\/a><\/strong>, jeho\u017e n\u00e1zev vznikl slovn\u00edm spojen\u00fdm podstaty t\u00e9to hry – tedy odr\u00e1\u017een\u00edm m\u00ed\u010de (to volley the ball \u2013 odrazit m\u00ed\u010d), vytvo\u0159il W. G. Morgan, jen\u017e cht\u011bl vymyslet kolektivn\u00ed sport, kter\u00fd bude mo\u017en\u00e9 hr\u00e1t v t\u011blocvi\u010dn\u00e1ch a bude bezkontaktn\u00ed, tedy bezpe\u010dn\u00fd.

Stejn\u011b jako basketbal<\/a><\/strong> se i volejbal<\/a> <\/strong>velmi rychle roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il za zdi \u0161koly nejen po Americe, ale i do Evropy, kde si tak\u00e9 z\u00edskal velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed nad\u0161enc\u016f. Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed volejbalov\u00e1<\/a><\/strong> federace vznikla v roce 1947 a olympijsk\u00fdm sportem se volejbal stal v roce 1964.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vybaven\u00ed a pravidla<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Abychom si mohly zahr\u00e1t volejbal<\/a>,<\/strong> pot\u0159ebujeme k tomu speci\u00e1ln\u00ed volejbalov\u00fd m\u00ed\u010d<\/a><\/strong> a s\u00ed\u0165<\/a><\/strong>. Profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed i amat\u00e9r\u0161t\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di, kte\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1pasy hraj\u00ed v hal\u00e1ch, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed i speci\u00e1ln\u00ed chr\u00e1ni\u010de<\/a><\/strong>.
Na specifick\u00e9m h\u0159i\u0161ti, dan\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f a vzhledu, p\u0159ed\u011blen\u00e9m s\u00edt\u00ed, proti sob\u011b hraj\u00ed dva t\u00fdmy o \u0161esti hr\u00e1\u010d\u00edch. Z\u00e1pas se hraje na dva nebo t\u0159i v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00e9 sety. Jednotliv\u00e9 sety se potom hraj\u00ed na 25 bod\u016f. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vyrovnan\u00e9ho sk\u00f3re se ve h\u0159e pokra\u010duje, dokud jeden z t\u00fdm\u016f nez\u00edsk\u00e1 dvoubodov\u00fd n\u00e1skok. C\u00edlem volejbalu<\/a><\/strong> je p\u0159ehodit volejbalov\u00fd m\u00ed\u010d<\/a><\/strong> p\u0159es s\u00ed\u0165 na stranu soupe\u0159e tak, aby jej nebyl schopn\u00fd vr\u00e1tit. Tedy, aby m\u00ed\u010d<\/a><\/strong> dopadl na zem. Hr\u00e1\u010di se sou\u010dasn\u011b mus\u00ed sna\u017eit odehr\u00e1t ve\u0161ker\u00e9 dobr\u00e9 m\u00ed\u010de<\/a><\/strong> tak, aby se nedotkly zem\u011b.

V\u00edce o pravidlech volejbalu<\/a><\/strong> se m\u016f\u017eete dozv\u011bd\u011bt t\u0159eba na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch Wikipedie v \u010dl\u00e1nku s n\u00e1zvem Volejbal<\/a><\/strong>. Kompletn\u00ed zn\u011bn\u00ed pravidel je pot\u00e9 dostupn\u00e9 na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch \u010cesk\u00e9ho volejbalov\u00e9ho svazu<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"florbalov\u00e9<\/a>
M\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 hry<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ani p\u0159i h\u0159e v\u00ed\u0161e zmi\u0148ovan\u00fdch m\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch her nezapom\u00ednejme na vhodn\u00e9 oble\u010den\u00ed<\/a>. Profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010di i hr\u00e1\u010di amat\u00e9r\u0161t\u00ed maj\u00ed v\u017edy dresy ur\u010den\u00e9 pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed hru. Hobby hr\u00e1\u010d\u016fm ale posta\u010d\u00ed dostupn\u00e9 sportovn\u00ed oble\u010den\u00ed<\/a>. Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, aby bylo pohodln\u00e9 a p\u0159i h\u0159e n\u00e1s nijak ne\u0161krtilo nebo neomezovalo v pohybu. M\u016f\u017eou to b\u00fdt nap\u0159\u00edklad leg\u00edny nebo \u0161ortky<\/a> s voln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm tri\u010dkem<\/a>, dopln\u011bn\u00e9 pohodlnou sportovn\u00ed obuv\u00ed<\/strong><\/a>. Jist\u00fd krok, kter\u00e1 n\u00e1m tato obuv<\/a> poskytne, n\u00e1m bezpochyby pom\u016f\u017ee v lep\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdkonu.


Kolektivn\u00ed m\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 sporty jsou skv\u011bl\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jak m\u016f\u017eeme tr\u00e1vit n\u00e1\u0161 voln\u00fd \u010das. Pro v\u011bt\u0161inu z n\u00e1s se t\u011bmto hr\u00e1m budeme v\u011bnovat pouze rekrea\u010dn\u011b a zahrajeme si je pro z\u00e1bavu, zdrav\u00ed a odreagov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pravideln\u00fd pohyb je toti\u017e t\u00edm nejlep\u0161\u00edm receptem na zdrav\u00fd \u017eivot, tak pro\u010d pr\u00e1v\u011b fotbal<\/a><\/strong>, volejbal<\/a><\/strong>, baseball<\/a><\/strong>, florbal<\/a><\/strong> nebo basketbal<\/a><\/strong> neza\u0159adit do na\u0161ich volno\u010dasov\u00fdch aktivit.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mnoh\u00e9 m\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 sporty jsou obl\u00edben\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jak tr\u00e1v\u00edme n\u00e1\u0161 voln\u00fd \u010das. Maj\u00ed spoustu fanou\u0161k\u016f nejen mezi televizn\u00edmi div\u00e1ky, kte\u0159\u00ed si \u010dasto nenechaj\u00ed uj\u00edt jedin\u00fd z\u00e1pas sv\u00e9ho obl\u00edben\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu, ale \u0159ada z n\u00e1s si je r\u00e1do u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 i na vlastn\u00ed k\u016f\u017ei. Spojuj\u00ed toti\u017e v sob\u011b p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 s u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdm, a tak jejich prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm tr\u00e1v\u00edme \u010das s na\u0161imi p\u0159\u00e1teli, \u010di rodinou a sou\u010dasn\u011b […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[88,86,45,2,85,84,7,33,17,87,35,58,6,32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2356","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-baseball","category-basketbal","category-deti","category-deti-na-zahrade","category-florbal","category-fotbal","category-odpocinek-na-cerstvem-vzduchu","category-posilovani","category-sport","category-volejbal","category-volny-cas","category-zahrada","category-zdravy-pohyb","category-zdravy-zivotni-styl"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.potreby.info\/dum-a-bydleni\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2356","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.potreby.info\/dum-a-bydleni\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.potreby.info\/dum-a-bydleni\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.potreby.info\/dum-a-bydleni\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.potreby.info\/dum-a-bydleni\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2356"}],"version-history":[{"count":37,"href":"https:\/\/www.potreby.info\/dum-a-bydleni\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2356\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2529,"href":"https:\/\/www.potreby.info\/dum-a-bydleni\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2356\/revisions\/2529"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.potreby.info\/dum-a-bydleni\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2356"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.potreby.info\/dum-a-bydleni\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2356"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.potreby.info\/dum-a-bydleni\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2356"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}